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About this guide

Last updated 11/4/2008

About student finance

Being a student is a seriously expensive business. Not only do you need to find the money for your living expenses such as accommodation, food and travel, but tuition fees as well.

A typical three-year degree course could cost you £31,260 today (or £48,755 for a baby born today), according to Fidelity Investments. And that's just for a standard three year degree course. Studying law, dentistry, medicine or architecture will be even more expensive as courses can last six or seven years.

NUS figures show that the average debt for UK students leaving university is around £13,000 based on students graduating in 2006. Small wonder, then, that a survey conducted by Prudential showed that debt had caused nearly a third of students to consider dropping out of higher education.

But all is not doom and gloom. 67 per cent of students told the same survey that they felt the financial cost of tertiary education had been worthwhile, despite the financial strains this can cause. And there's a great deal you can do to stay out of debt, or at least to keep debt to a minimum , if you know how to exploit the many discounts, allowances and tax reliefs that apply to students.

Tuition fees

You can apply for a student loan to help pay for tuition fees and living expenses from your Local Education Authority (LEA). The latter will undertake an assessment of your parental income, or your eligibility for a loan if you have already left home.

Loan application forms can be obtained from your LEA and should be returned to the Students Loan Company Customer Support Office (CSO).

Universities could charge up to £3,070 a year in tuition fees for students starting in the 2007-08 academic year, but no full-time undergraduate is required to pay fees while they are studying.

Students at Scottish universities only have to pay £1,700 pa, (£2,700 pa for medicine) and £3,000 at Welsh universities. Any increase in fees is to be pegged to below the rate of inflation until 2010.

For details, check out www.ucas.ac.uk, the UCAS website. Eligible students can take out a student loan each year via the Student Loan Company, to help pay for tuition fees and living expenses.

Maintenance costs

Low income students can apply for one of two grants for maintenance costs. Both grants are non repayable and the maximum that can be claimed is £2,765 a year.

This maximum of £2,765 is payable to students with a household income of £17,910 pa or less and a partial grant is paid on a sliding scale, if your household income is between £17,911 and £38,330. Over £38,330, no grant is payable.

Student loans

All other students under age 60 can apply for a student loan as set out below. Up to 75 per cent of the maximum can be applied for, irrespective of parental income, but the remaining 25 per cent is means-tested.

Maximum student loan entitlement 2007-08 Full year Final year
Living away from home £6,315 £5,750
Living away from home, studying outside London £4,510 £4,175
Living at home £3,495 £3,155

The interest rates charged on student loans are set at the rate of inflation each year (4.8 per cent from 1 September 2007). Once you leave university, you will have to start repaying your student loans based on 9 per cent of your income, which exceeds £15,000 pa.

The only circumstances in which your loans will be written off are if you die, become disabled and can never work again or if your loans remain upaid after 25 years. Contrary to common belief, going abroad is NOT an excuse for not paying off a student loan.

There are strict time limits for applying for certain loans, grants and allowances so be sure to file your application in good time. For details go to www.nusonline.co.uk

For more information on the help available, contact your local education authority or the Department for Education & Skills helpline 0800 731 9133 (www.dfes.gov.uk/studentsupport) and the Student Loans Company on 08456 077577 (www.studentfinancedirect.co.uk). If you are going to university in Scotland, contact the Student Awards Agency for Scotland on 0845 111 1711 (www.saas.gov.uk)

Higher education grant

The Higher Education grant is a means-tested award, which does not have to be paid, and is worth up to £1,000 for those whose family income is £16,340 or less. If your income is between £16,340 and £22,324, you will receive part of the grant. Over £22,325  you will not receive any grant.

other sources of funding

In addition to student loans, you may be eligible for assistance from other sources such as various grants, bursaries and endowments from colleges and universities.

American colleges and universities provide a large number of bursaries and endowments, so it may be worth investigating courses offered in the US.

Other benefits and allowances which some students can claim include:

  • Grants for part time study
  • Access to learning fund (for students in financial hardship
  • Disabled students’ allowance
  • Parents’ learning allowance
  • Loan parents’ grant
  • Childcare grant
  • Adult dependants’ grant
  • Care Leavers’ grant
  • Child tax credit (for students with dependent children)
  • Access to learning fund
  • Part time students

Mature students

All students under age 50 are eligible for a student loan, providing they meet the residence requirements. Students aged 50-54 at the beginning of their course, can apply for a student loan, but they must be able to show that they plan to work after they finish their course.

 A student with a husband, wife or partner or another member of their family who depends on them financially, may be eligible for the Adult Dependant’s Grant.

Saving in advance

Even a small amount saved each month, either by yourself, or your parents, can grow into a useful sum, providing you start early enough:

  • Anyone over 18 can save up to £7,200 a year into an Individual Savings Account in the 2008-09 tax year. This can be 100 per cent invested in shares or  £3,600 in shares and £3,600 in cash. Any income or capital gains are tax free on withdrawal.
  • Anyone over age 16 can save up to £3,600 in cash within an Isa.
  • Investments made on your behalf by your parents are taxable on your parents once the income reaches £100 in any tax year. So savings plans should be set up in your own name, so that you can benefit from your own personal income tax allowance of £5,435 and capital gains tax allowance of £9,600 (2008-09).
  • Other tax free accounts are available from National Savings
  • If your parents have unmortgaged equity in their property, they may be able to remortgage to provide you with a lump sum.

Ways to cut costs

The NUS card, which is available to all students at further and higher education institutions, gives you access to a number of discounts and special offers at many of the top high street retailers.

You can obtain a NUS card from your students’ union from August onwards and you can activate it at www.nusonline.co.uk, where you can also access information about further discounts.

You can also subscribe to the NUS monthly newsletter which provides updates on student offers via email. Many offers are made each September, so it is worth checking at the start of the academic year. With an NUS card, you can also obtain a Student Railcard for discounts on rail fares.

Accommodation

One of the largest items of expenditure, after tuition fees, will be the cost of accommodation, which for most students, will mean renting for the first time.

This means you need to become acquainted with the world of tenancy agreements, deposits, dealing with a landlord and sharing utility bills. When signing up to a tenancy agreement, make sure that your landlord has signed up for the Tenancy Deposit Scheme for Regulated Agents.

By so doing, you will know that your deposit is protected under the Association of Residential Letting Agents and that there is a dispute resolution procedure, in the event that there is a dispute over the return of the deposit.

Other matters to clarify with your landlord at the outset are whether full or half rent is payable over the summer vacation and that the inventory accurately records the contents and condition of the property when you take it. Any damaged items should be reflected in the inventory.

Another potential area of dispute is sub-letting and changes in tenants to those named on the agreement during the tenancy.

If you are renting a leasehold property and you change tenants without your landlord's prior agreement, such subletting could constitute a breach of the lease and lead to your eviction at the insistence of the freeholder.

To avoid problems with your landlord, ask for a list of approved landlords from your students’ union, or if this is not possible be sure to use an agent which is a member of the Association of Residential Letting Agents (ARLA)..

TV licence

Remember that you must have a TV licence if you have a television in your accommodation. However, if you purchase a licence in October, you can claim a refund for July, August and September if your tenancy ends in June. You can purchase a licence online at TV Licensing and choose from a number of ways to pay, including direct debit. Alternatively, call 0870 242 1417.

Insurance

If you have valuable items, you may wish to buy a contents insurance policy to protect against theft. Student lodgings are an easy target for burglars because many students own large amounts of electronic gagetry, such as laptops and moblies which are easy to steal.

The NUS recommends Endsleigh Insurance because it specialises in the student market. Endsleigh offers three tips to students when buying contents insurance:

  • Don’t underestimate the value of your belongings
  • Don’t assume that you’ll be covered by your parents’ policy;
  • Be sure to obtain cover for ‘walk in theft’ (ie where there is no sign of a 'forced entry') – a common feature in theft from student accommodation, but not standard with other policies.

Being a student landlord

Whil most students have no choice but to rent or live in a Hall of Residence, you could consider buying a property yourself, with the help of your parents.

This will normally involve asking your parents to act as guarantor to the mortgage so that you can borrow more than you would normally be entitled to.

By acting as guarantors, your parents are jointly and severally liable with you for the mortgage repayments and their home will be used as security for the loan.

You can normally obtain a buy-to-let mortgage for 75 per cent of the purchase price. Renting out spare rooms to three or four friends should cover 125 per cent of the mortgage repayments, as most lenders will require this as a condition of granting a buy to let mortgage..

The mortgage should be taken out on an interest-only basis, as mortgage interest can be offset against any income tax due on the rental income.

As the property will be partly your ‘principal private residence’ and partly a buy to let property, there are various tax reliefs which will mitigate the effect of capital gains tax, which will be charged at 18 per cent, when you come to sell the property.

If you are renting out to one person as a lodger for less than £4,250  ayear, you can do so tax free, using the annual 'rent-a-room' allowance of £4,250.

Rental income above that will be treated as the rental income of a buy- to- let landlord. You can offset any income tax due on rental income (after the deduction of mortgage interest relief and various allowances) against your personal income tax allowance of £5,435 (2008-09).

Remember that you will have to repair and maintain the property, insure it and decide what to do with it in vacations. Being a student landlord can be extremely tax effective, providing you go about it in the right way so be sure to take expert tax and independent financial advice.

Working while you're a student

Research shows that 58 per cent of students say they have to work in term time and 85 per cent during the summer vacation in order to make ends meet.

You can find part time employment, either via one of the 110 campus job shops or through a high street employment agency. Either way, you should be aware of your rights with regard to minimum pay, tax, union membership and health and safety legislation. (For details visit www.morethanwork.net)

If you have not already used up your personal income tax allowance of £5,435 (2008-09), there is no need to pay tax on holiday pay.

To avoid being overtaxed on holiday pay, ask your employer to complete a P38(S) - a standard form issued by HM Revenue & Customs. This will ensure you pay no income tax on holiday pay during the 2008-2009 tax year which ends on 5 April 2009.

It will also ensure you pay no National Insurance Contributions if you earn less than £100 a week. This threshold includes all income from work, as well as any other taxable income, but excludes student loans, scholarships, grants and tax credits.

P38(S) does not apply to part-time work undertaken during term time, but applies to all holiday periods such as the summer months, Christmas and Easter.

If have paid too much tax in the past, you can claim it back up to six years after the relevant tax year ended. You need a repayment claim form which you can get from your local tax office or direct from HM Revenue and Customs.

Earnings above the personal allowance threshold of £5,435 (for those who complete the P38(s) form) are taxed just like any other taxpayer - at 20 per cent up to £36,000 and 40 per cent thereafter.

If you earn less than £5,4355 in 2007-08, you can put your hard earned cash into a gross paying bank or building society account. To receive gross interest, you need to complete form R85.

Once your balance exceeds the personal allowance for the prevailing tax year, you should inform the bank or building society so that your savings are taxed at source.

Choosing a bank account

If you are about to start higher education, you are likely to be inundated with offers from the high street banks to entice you into opening an account with them.

Student bank accounts typically offer you freebies such as DVDs, vouchers and discounts which can look attractive, but you need to check out the underlying terms and conditions of the account before signing up.

For instance, the most important features are:

  • rate of interest on credit balances
  • rate of interest on authorised overdrafts
  • rate of interest on unauthorised overdrafts
  • other charges levied for normal banking services

Many student accounts offer introductory offers such as a free overdraft up to a certain amount, in which case, you need to ask how long this lasts and the ‘revert to’ rate once the 'teaser' rate ends.

You may also be offered a credit card, in which case, you need to ask the same questions – how long any offers last and what the deal is thereafter.

If you do take on a credit card, try to make full repayment on time each month or you can easily rack up huge debts. Also never use a credit card for cash withdrawals as this is a very expensive way of accessing cash.

Four golden rules to remember

If you need to go overdrawn, agree an authorised credit limit with your bank. Unauthorised overdrafts are extremely expensive and you will incur extra charges, as well as a very high rate of interest

Don’t use your credit card to withdraw cash. Interest starts clocking up immediately and the interest rate will be higher than for purchases.

Avoid store cards as these are even more expensive than credit cards

If you have debt problems, seek advice from your lender immediately. Don’t bury your head in the sand, thinking the problem will go away, because it won’t.

Further sources of information

 

NUS: http://www.nusonline.co.uk/

For information onf students’ employment rights: http://www.morethanwork.net/

Department for education and skills: call 0800 731 9133 for the following two guides:

Student support hepline 0800 731 9133 http://www.dfes.gov.uk/studentsupport

For the Guide to Financial Help for Higher Education Students for 2007-08

Student loans – A guide to terms and condition http://www.dfes.gov.uk/studentsupport/formsandguides/index.shtml

A guide to staying out of debt: http://www.studentfinancevigilante.co.uk/

Inland Revenue tax credit helpline: 0845 300 3900 for help with tax credits

Consumer Credit Counselling Services http://www.cccs.co.uk/ 0800 138 1111 (Mon-Friday 9am-5pm)

UK Insolvency Helpline: 0800 074 6918 http://www.insolvencyhelpline.co.uk/