Defaqto exclusive guide

personal loans 

About this guide

Last updated 10/22/2008

Guide to personal loans

A personal loan is a sum of money – usually under £15,000 – which you borrow from a bank or other financial institution and which you are required to pay back over one to five years

You can generally get up to £15,000 - but some lenders offer up to £25,000. You can often get approval in principle over the phone with the money available in just a few days.

But as with all debt, it is important that you understand the terms and conditions of the contract you are entering into so check that it is the cheapest form of borrowing for your needs.

Loan terms

Some lenders will give you a loan for as short a period as six months, although a year is more common. The maximum length is usually seven years, although some firms will lend over 10.

Personal loans make most sense for people who want to repay their debt over a few years. If you want to pay off a purchase over six months, buying it on a credit card may work out cheaper..

Providers

Banks, building societies and, increasingly, supermarket chains offer personal loans at competitive rates.

Avoid loans from small firms that you have never heard of  because this is a lightly regulated area. Some non-mainstream companies charge very high rates of interest, as well as hefty redemption penalties if you want to switch to another lender before the end of the loan term.

Reputable firms generally charge penalties of no more than two months' interest if you want to pay off the loan early. Shop around among the banks for the best rates using our Compare tool.

Alternatively, if you have plenty of equity in your property, it may be cheaper to raise money by increasing the size of your mortgage.

Interest

Rates are generally fixed for the duration of the loan, which means you know exactly how much you have torepay each month. The disadvantage is that you could end up paying more than borrowers who take out a similar loan in six months' time, if interest rates fall. If interest rates rise, you will be better off. 

Either way, you do not have to worry about your repayments soaring. Many lenders will insist that you set up a direct debit for the repayments.

As a rule of thumb, the larger loan, the lower the interest rate, and vice versa. The crucial rate to look for is the annual percentage rate or APR.

Tiered interest rates based on size of loan means it may be worthwhile borrowing slightly more than you had originally planned if this means moving into a higher band, with a lower interest rate.

Lenders are increasingly setting ‘personalised’ loan rates, based on your creditworthiness, so you may not be able to obtain the 'typical' rates you see advertised.  This also makes comparing rates more difficult as you need to get an individual quote from each lender.

Credit checks

Lenders want to make sure that you are a good credit risk and do not have a history of bad debts and unpaid loans behind you. To do this, they will check with credit reference agencies, such as Equifax and Experian.

A poor credit record won't necessarily prevent you from getting a loan, but you will probably have to pay a higher interest rate. You may find it harder to get a loan if you are self-employed or are on a short-term contract.

Most personal loans are ‘unsecured’ meaning that the lender does not require you to put up your home as collateral. If you fail to repay the loan, your lender cannot usually repossess your home and this is why the interest rate may be higher than for a mortgage.

Payment protection insurance

Loan protection insurance, or payment protection insurance, is often offered with personal loans, with some lenders giving quotes for personal loans with PPI automatically included. If applying online, you will often have to tick a box to opt out of PPI, so be sure to do this if you don’t want it.

PPI covers your loan if you are unable to meet the repayments because of accident, sickness or unemployment, but think carefully whether you really need this cover or not.

It is often expensive, only lasts for around a year, there are numerous exclusions and you won’t normally be eligible for a payout if you are self employed, unemployed or a temporary worker.

In any case, check what cover you have through your employer in the event of long term sickness. Most employers will cover you for at least three to six months, or even up to a year.